Foam Glossary

Foam Glossary: The A-Z of Foam Materials and Terminology

Navigate your way to the best foam for your home or business with our free foam industry glossary of foam definition, foam types, and recommended uses. Trust the decades of experience behind every order at FoamOrder, where you’ll find the highest quality custom foam cushions and foam upholstery sheets backed by superior customer service before and after every sale.

Acoustic Foam

Acoustic foam, also known as soundproofing foam, is designed to absorb sound waves and reduce noise. We know that acoustic and soundproofing foam is commonly used in recording studios, theaters, and other spaces where sound control is necessary. Although you can order in various thicknesses, FoamOrder recommends a 2-inch thickness for general applications.

Anti-Microbial Foam

Anti-microbial foam is treated to resist the growth of microorganisms, such as bacteria, mold, and mildew. It is commonly used in medical and healthcare applications to maintain hygiene and prevent the spread of infections.

Anti-Static Foam

Anti-static foam is designed to prevent the buildup and discharge of static electricity. It is commonly used in electronic packaging to protect sensitive components from electrostatic damage.

Breathability

Breathability refers to the ability of foam to allow air circulation and moisture wicking. Foam with good breathability helps regulate temperature and enhances comfort. Breathability is a sought-after attribute of good-quality mattresses, craft materials, and perforated neoprene sheets.

Closed-cell Foam

Closed-cell foam has sealed cells, which make it resistant to the passage of air and water. It offers excellent insulation and buoyancy properties and is commonly used in insulation, flotation devices, and packaging. For example, yoga mats and blocks are a type of closed-cell foam. EVA foam is a versatile, soft closed-cell foam that’s popular for cosplay and outdoor applications.

Compression Set

Compression set refers to the ability of foam to bounce back to its original shape after being compressed. Foam with low compression set retains its shape and resilience over time.

Density

Foam density refers to the weight of a cubic unit of foam. It is measured in pounds per cubic foot (PCF or lbs/ft³) or kilograms per cubic meter (Kg/m³). Higher density foams are generally more durable and provide better support.

Density Compression Ratio

Density compression ratio is a measure of how much a foam’s density changes when it is compressed. It is expressed as a percentage and helps evaluate a foam’s resilience and ability to retain its shape after repeated compression.

Flame Retardant

Flame retardant foam is treated or manufactured to inhibit the spread of fire. It meets specific fire safety standards and is commonly used in applications where fire resistance is required, such as mattresses and upholstery. At FoamOrder.com, we prefer the brand Code Red 2, which is one of our fire retardant foams that can easily meet even the strictest California fire codes.

HR Foam (High Resilience Foam)

HR foam is a type of foam known for its excellent elasticity and durability. It offers enhanced support and comfort and is often used in high-end mattresses and seating applications. HR foam is the best-selling foam at FoamOrder.com, and recommended for most indoor, heavy-use applications like sofas, window seats, and dining chairs.

Hydrophilic Foam

Hydrophilic foam has a high affinity for water and can absorb and hold moisture. It is commonly used in applications such as wound dressings, filtration, and medical devices.

ILD (Indentation Load Deflection)

ILD measures the firmness of foam. It determines how much weight is required to compress the foam by a certain amount. ILD is typically measured in pounds and indicates the foam’s softness or firmness level. The higher the number, the more firm a foam is. Most people consider HR40 a medium-firm foam suitable for indoor furniture like sofas and window seats. The thickness of the foam, combined with the ILD, determine how firm the foam will feel to each individual.

Latex Foam

Latex foam is made from natural or synthetic latex rubber, and a popular organic option for eco-conscious consumers or those with allergies. It is known for its elasticity, comfort, and breathability. Latex foam is often used in organic mattresses, pillows, and upholstery. The organic latex foam you’ll find at FoamOrder.com is made from eco-friendly rubber tree sap without harmful chemicals or other potentially hazardous additives.

Memory Foam

Memory foam, also known as viscoelastic foam, is a type of polyurethane foam with added chemicals that make it more elastic and responsive to body heat. Because it easily conforms to a person’s body, this popular foam is often used in mattresses, pillows, and medical supplies. While memory foam is extremely popular for some mattresses, some users find it “hot” to sleep on, or difficult to get up and out of.

Mold and Mildew Resistant

Some foams are treated or manufactured to resist the growth of mold and mildew, making them suitable for humid or damp environments.

Neoprene Foam

Neoprene foam is a flexible and durable foam that is resistant to water, oils, and chemicals. It is often used in wetsuits, sports equipment, gaskets, and sealing applications. Neoprene foam sheets often are ordered for use on gaming tables, for shoe soles, and for exercise equipment. FoamOrder.com offers one of the largest selections on the Internet of neoprene thicknesses, colors, and types.

Open-cell Foam

Open-cell foam, also known as reticulated foam, has interconnected air pockets or cells. It allows air and moisture to pass through, providing better breathability. Open-cell foam is often used in upholstery and cushioning applications. At FoamOrder.com, we recommended reticulated open-cell foam for replacing cushions on outdoor furniture. This foam drains quickly, which helps resist mold and mildew.

Organic Foam

Organic foam usually refers to latex foam made from natural materials, such as natural latex, rubber tree sap, or plant-based polyols, without the use of synthetic chemicals. It is often preferred by individuals seeking eco-friendly and sustainable foam options. Homeowners sensitive to chemicals will often choose organic foam cushions for indoor furniture.

Polyethylene Foam

Polyethylene foam is a closed-cell foam with excellent shock absorption and cushioning properties. It is commonly used in packaging, sports equipment, flotation devices, and automotive applications.

Polypropylene Foam

Polypropylene foam is a lightweight and flexible foam that is resistant to moisture and chemicals. It is commonly used in automotive, packaging, and insulation applications.

Polystyrene Foam

Polystyrene foam, commonly known as Styrofoam, is a lightweight and rigid foam. It is used for insulation, packaging, disposable food containers, and as a craft material.

Polyurethane Foam

Polyurethane foam is one of the most widely used foams, and what you usually see in indoor furniture. It can be found in a range of densities and is used in upholstery, mattresses, cushions, and insulation.

Rebond Foam

Rebond foam is a high-density type of recycled foam made by bonding together shredded foam pieces with an adhesive. It is used in carpet underlay, gym mats, and soundproofing applications.

R-Value

R-Value is a measure of thermal resistance in insulation materials, including foam. It indicates how well the foam resists heat transfer. Higher R-Values indicate better insulation properties.

Silicone Foam

Silicone foam is a soft and flexible foam with excellent temperature resistance and low toxicity. It is used in high-temperature applications, medical devices, and sealing applications.

Sound Absorption Coefficient

The sound absorption coefficient measures the ability of foam to absorb sound waves. It indicates the percentage of sound energy absorbed by the foam rather than reflected. Higher coefficients indicate better sound absorption.

Upholstery Foam

Upholstery foam is specifically designed for furniture and seating applications. It provides cushioning and support for sofas, chairs, and other upholstered items. For seat backs or cushions, high-density upholstery foam is popular for home and business applications. The most common type of upholstery foam is HR (high resiliency) foam, while lower grades of upholstery foam are also available.

VOCs (Volatile Organic Compounds)

VOCs are chemicals that can be emitted as gases from certain foam materials. They can have harmful effects on indoor air quality. Low VOC foam is designed to minimize the release of these compounds.